Softball

Softball is a team sport played with a bat, a ball, and gloves, on a field similar to a baseball diamond but smaller. Two teams compete by alternating between offensive and defensive roles. The offense scores runs by hitting the ball and running around a set of bases, while the defense aims to record outs and prevent scoring.

There are two main formats: fastpitch and slowpitch. In fastpitch softball, the pitcher throws underhand with high speed, and batters must react quickly. In slowpitch, the ball is delivered underhand on a higher arc, generally making hitting easier and emphasizing fielding and strategy.

Field and equipment: A standard outdoor field features four bases arranged in a square with a pitched arc; distances between bases are shorter than in baseball. The ball used is larger than a baseball, typically 12 inches in circumference. Common equipment includes metal or composite bats, leather gloves, helmets for batters, and protective gear for catchers and pitchers.

Governing bodies and competition: The sport is governed internationally by the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC). National and club competitions exist worldwide, including college softball in the United States and various professional leagues. International events include world championships and Olympic appearances when held.

History and reach: Softball originated in the United States in the late 19th century as an indoor variant of baseball. It expanded worldwide during the 20th century and remains particularly popular in the Americas and Asia, with participation across many age groups and competitive levels.