college

College is an institution of higher education that offers undergraduate programs leading to bachelor's degrees and, in many cases, associate degrees or certificates. In some contexts, “college” refers to a standalone degree-granting college, while in others it denotes a division within a university.

Common forms include liberal arts colleges, which emphasize broad undergraduate education; comprehensive colleges; community colleges or junior colleges offering two-year programs and transfer pathways; private and public institutions; and specialized colleges focusing on fields like art, engineering, or business. Most colleges use a curriculum that includes general education requirements, major-specific coursework, and opportunities for research or experiential learning. Academic terms vary, with semesters or quarters.

Admission processes vary by country and institution; in the United States, they consider grades, standardized tests, essays, and recommendations. Tuition and fees can be substantial; most students rely on a mix of aid, loans, grants, and scholarships, contributing to ongoing debates about access and debt.

Colleges confer undergraduate degrees such as associate and bachelor’s degrees; some offer graduate programs. Accreditation and governance ensure quality; in the U.S., regional accrediting bodies oversee institutions offering degrees. The college experience also includes housing, student organizations, and athletics, contributing to social and career outcomes.

Across countries the term “college” has different meanings; in many places it is the first stage of tertiary education, while in others it is synonymous with university.