Skeletilihaste

Skeletilihaste is a condition characterized by the loss of bone mass and density, leading to increased fragility and susceptibility to fractures. It is a significant public health concern, particularly affecting older adults and individuals with certain medical conditions. The term "osteoporosis" is often used interchangeably with skeletilihaste, although osteoporosis specifically refers to a bone density below 2.5 standard deviations below the young adult mean.

The primary cause of skeletilihaste is a decrease in the production of bone-forming cells, osteoblasts, and an increase in the activity of bone-resorbing cells, osteoclasts. This imbalance leads to a net loss of bone tissue over time. Risk factors for skeletilihaste include aging, low body weight, prolonged bed rest, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medications, such as corticosteroids and some anticonvulsants.

Diagnosis of skeletilihaste typically involves a bone mineral density test, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, which measures the bone density in specific areas of the body. Treatment options for skeletilihaste aim to slow bone loss, increase bone density, and reduce the risk of fractures. These may include lifestyle modifications, such as a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercise, and avoiding falls. Medications such as bisphosphonates, hormone replacement therapy, and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) may also be prescribed to manage the condition.

Prevention of skeletilihaste involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular physical activity, and avoiding risk factors such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Early detection and intervention can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with skeletilihaste.