Sheelas

Sheelas, also known as Sheila-na-gigs, are ancient stone carvings depicting naked women with exaggerated vulvas. They are found primarily in Ireland and Scotland, but similar carvings have also been discovered in other parts of Europe. The exact origin and purpose of these figures remain a subject of scholarly debate, with theories ranging from fertility symbols to apotropaic charms meant to ward off evil.

The earliest known Sheela-na-gigs date back to the Romanesque period, roughly the 11th to 13th centuries, though some scholars suggest earlier possible origins. They are often found on churches, castles, and other significant buildings, sometimes in prominent positions, while others are found in more secluded locations. The carvings vary in style and detail, but the prominent display of the vulva is a consistent feature.

Interpretations of their meaning are diverse. Some scholars believe they were linked to pagan fertility rituals, while others suggest they served a protective function, with the exposed genitalia intended to scare away evil spirits or the "evil eye." Another theory posits a connection to medieval concepts of the female body and its role in procreation and divine power. The term "Sheela-na-gig" itself is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from an Irish phrase. Despite ongoing research, the precise meaning and cultural significance of Sheela-na-gigs continue to be explored.