Selkäydinnestenäyte

Selkäydinnestenäyte, also known as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample, is a medical procedure used to collect a small amount of fluid from the space surrounding the spinal cord. This fluid, the cerebrospinal fluid, acts as a cushion for the brain and spinal cord and plays a vital role in their protection and function.

The primary purpose of obtaining a selkäydinnestenäyte is for diagnostic evaluation. By analyzing the composition of the CSF, medical professionals can detect and diagnose a wide range of neurological conditions. This includes infections such as meningitis and encephalitis, inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis, bleeding in the brain or spinal cord, and certain types of cancer that may have spread to the central nervous system.

The procedure, commonly referred to as a lumbar puncture or spinal tap, is typically performed by a physician or trained healthcare provider. The patient is usually positioned lying on their side with their knees drawn up to their chest, or seated and leaning forward. This position helps to open the spaces between the vertebrae in the lower back, allowing for easier access to the spinal canal. After sterilizing the skin in the lumbar region, a fine needle is inserted into the subarachnoid space, where the CSF circulates. A small amount of CSF is then carefully withdrawn into a sterile collection tube.

The collected sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis, which may include tests for cell count, protein levels, glucose levels, the presence of antibodies, and cultures to identify any infectious agents. The results of these tests provide crucial information to guide diagnosis and treatment decisions for various neurological disorders. While generally safe, potential risks include temporary headache, back pain, or, rarely, infection or bleeding.