Sclerenkymät

Sclerenkymät are a type of plant tissue that provides structural support and strength. They are characterized by cells with thick, lignified secondary cell walls, which makes them rigid and non-living at maturity. These cells are typically found in mature plant organs. Sclerenchyma cells are divided into two main types: fibers and sclereids. Fibers are elongated cells, often forming bundles, and are commonly found in vascular tissues, providing support to stems and leaves. Sclereids, on the other hand, are variable in shape and size, and are often found in seed coats, nutshells, and the gritty texture of fruits like pears. The lignification of their cell walls is a key feature, making them resistant to compression and stretching. This structural role is crucial for plants, enabling them to withstand environmental pressures and maintain their form. In some cases, sclerenchyma tissue contributes to the hardness of plant parts, making them less palatable to herbivores. The presence and distribution of sclerenchyma vary significantly among plant species and their specific adaptations to different environments. Their dead, rigid nature at maturity distinguishes them from collenchyma, another supporting tissue in plants.