Sahaus

Sahaus is a term used in architectural theory and speculative urban design to describe a type of housing complex that blends private living units with shared amenities and public spaces. The concept is defined more by design principles than by a single architectural style, aiming to foster social interaction, adaptability, and resource efficiency within a human-scale urban form.

Key characteristics of sahaus include modular, mixed-use building blocks organized around shared outdoor or indoor courtyards; pedestrian-oriented layouts that prioritize walkability; and built-in access to communal facilities such as kitchens, workshops, laundry, and recreational spaces. Configurations are designed to be scalable to accommodate various household sizes and compositions. Energy and resource systems are often centralized or shared, incorporating features like district heating, solar collection, water reuse, and waste management designed for communal use.

Social and governance aspects are central to the sahaus concept. Planning typically emphasizes participatory processes, with residents involved in decisions about maintenance, rules, and the allocation of shared spaces. Tenancy structures may encourage longer-term commitment and cooperative management to sustain communal resources.

Origins and usage of the term appear in design discourse from the late 20th century onward, particularly in Europe and North America. It is most commonly encountered in theoretical writings, experimental housing projects, and pilot programs that explore new forms of community-oriented living within existing regulatory frameworks.

Criticism of sahaus often centers on practical challenges, including financing, zoning compatibility, long-term maintenance, and governance complexity. Proponents argue that with clear governance, adequate funding models, and adaptable design, sahaus can support sustainable, resilient, and inclusive urban living.

See also: co-housing, co-living, modular construction, shared facilities.