Sähkökromiset

Sähkökromiset is a Finnish term that translates to "electrochromic" in English. It refers to materials that change their optical properties, most commonly their color or transparency, when an electric voltage is applied. This phenomenon is based on the reversible electrochemical oxidation or reduction of a material. When a voltage is applied, ions move into or out of the electrochromic material, causing a change in its electronic structure and thus its light absorption or reflection characteristics.

Electrochromic technology finds applications in various fields. One prominent example is in smart windows, also known as switchable windows or privacy glass. These windows can transition from transparent to tinted or opaque states, allowing for control of sunlight, heat, and privacy without the need for blinds or curtains. This can lead to significant energy savings in buildings by reducing the need for artificial lighting and air conditioning.

Another area where electrochromic materials are used is in automotive mirrors, particularly rearview mirrors, which automatically dim to reduce glare from headlights behind the vehicle. Displays, such as those found in some electronic shelf labels and low-power electronic devices, also utilize electrochromic technology due to its energy efficiency and ability to maintain a static image without continuous power. The development of electrochromic materials is an ongoing area of research, aiming to improve their switching speed, durability, color range, and cost-effectiveness for wider adoption.