Röntgendensitometrie

Röntgendensitometrie, also known as X-ray densitometry, is a non-invasive imaging technique used to measure the density of tissues. It employs X-rays to generate images, and then analyzes the attenuation of these X-rays as they pass through the body. Denser tissues absorb more X-rays, resulting in a brighter appearance on the image and a higher density reading. Conversely, less dense tissues absorb fewer X-rays, appearing darker and yielding lower density values.

The principle behind Röntgendensitometrie relies on the differential absorption of X-rays by various tissues based on their elemental composition and physical density. Specialized software is used to quantify this absorption, translating it into numerical density values, often expressed in Hounsfield units for CT scans or relative density for other X-ray modalities. This quantitative approach distinguishes it from purely qualitative visual interpretation of standard radiographs.

Common applications of Röntgendensitometrie include assessing bone mineral density for the diagnosis and monitoring of osteoporosis. It is also utilized in imaging of the lungs to evaluate conditions like pneumonia or emphysema, and in dentistry to assess tooth root density and bone loss. In materials science, a similar principle is applied to examine the density of manufactured objects. The accuracy and reliability of Röntgendensitometrie depend on factors such as X-ray beam quality, detector sensitivity, and proper calibration.