Roughin

Rough-in, sometimes written as roughin, is the preliminary stage of installing building systems where components are laid out and installed to permit future connections, testing, and finishes. It covers plumbing, electrical, HVAC, and related mechanical systems, and is performed before walls, ceilings, and fixtures are closed in.

In plumbing, rough-in involves routing water supply lines, waste lines, vents, and the rough location of fixtures such as sinks, toilets, and showers. In electrical work, it includes installing conduits, cables, and outlet and switch boxes, as well as service equipment like panels, meters, and disconnects, placed according to the design. In HVAC, rough-in includes placing ducts, registers, and the connections to heating and cooling equipment. Gas lines, fire protection systems, and other utilities may also be roughed in where required. All activities are coordinated with the building’s structural framing and architectural plans to prevent conflicts with framing, insulation, and finishes.

The process typically begins after framing and before insulation and drywall. It requires permits and compliance with applicable codes, and is reviewed by local inspectors who verify correct routing, clearances, access for future service, and testable connections. Documentation, measurements, and as-built drawings may be prepared to reflect the installed layout.

Successful rough-in allows finish work to proceed; improper rough-in can cause delays or costly corrections. Timing and scope vary by project size, type, and jurisdiction, but it remains a critical early step in construction and remodeling projects.