Ristiinomistus
Ristiinomistus is a corporate ownership arrangement in which two or more companies hold shares in each other, creating a network of reciprocal ownership rather than a simple parent–subsidiary relationship. The structure can involve core companies within an industrial group that own minority or sometimes majority stakes in one another, aiming to secure collaboration and stabilize ownership while preserving strategic flexibility.
The practice can help align incentives, facilitate long-term planning, and deter hostile takeovers. However, it also
Regulatory considerations are central to cross-ownership. Antitrust and corporate-law authorities assess whether reciprocal holdings impede competition,
Uses and contexts vary. The term is encountered in Nordic corporate practice and in East Asian keiretsu-like
Origin and terminology: Ristiinomistus combines Finnish ristia (cross) and omistus (ownership).