Rhombomys

Rhombomys is a genus of rodents in the subfamily Gerbillinae, commonly known as gerbils. The genus currently contains only one living species, Rhombomys opimus, the great gerbil or midday gerbil. This species is native to arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia, including Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, and northwestern China. They inhabit deserts, steppes, and rocky areas, often near oases or sources of water.

Great gerbils are relatively large gerbils, typically measuring 15-20 cm in head and body length, with a tail of similar or slightly longer length. They have a sandy brown or yellowish-grey coat on their dorsal side and a paler underside. A distinctive feature is their relatively large ears and eyes. They are primarily nocturnal or crepuscular, meaning they are most active during dawn and dusk.

Rhombomys opimus are known for their complex burrow systems, which can be extensive and house multiple individuals, forming colonies. They are herbivores, feeding mainly on seeds, roots, and the green parts of desert plants. Their ability to survive in harsh desert environments is attributed to their efficient water conservation physiology. Great gerbils are considered a significant species in their ecosystem and can sometimes be observed in large numbers.