Rettungskette

Rettungskette is the term used for the sequence of measures intended to maximize survival in life-threatening emergencies, especially out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. It describes the interdependent links that must function quickly and reliably from the moment a dangerous situation is recognized until definitive medical treatment is provided.

Typical components of the Rettungskette include: alerting the emergency services by calling the national emergency number (in Germany 112) and giving clear information about the situation; immediate bystander first aid, including recognizing cardiac arrest, starting chest compressions, and, if available, using an automated external defibrillator (AED). The next link is rapid professional response, with the arrival of the ambulance and, if needed, an emergency physician who can perform advanced life support on scene. Preclinical care continues during transport to a hospital equipped for resuscitation.

In hospital, patients receive further advanced care, including airway management, monitoring, and continued resuscitation as needed, followed by post-resuscitation care such as optimized circulation, organ support, and treatment of the underlying cause. The overarching aim is to restore circulation and minimize brain injury, thereby improving survival and neurological outcome.

The chain is time-critical: interruptions or delays at any link reduce the probability of survival. Public health efforts focus on increasing bystander CPR rates, ensuring access to AEDs, training laypeople, and strengthening EMS and hospital capabilities. While the general concept is used worldwide, the exact organization and procedures of the Rettungskette vary by country and region.