Reticulum

Reticulum is a term derived from the Latin reticulum, meaning a little net, and is used in biology and medicine to describe net-like, meshwork structures in various parts of the body.

Endoplasmic reticulum is an extensive membranous network within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It comprises two forms: rough endoplasmic reticulum, studded with ribosomes, which synthesizes secretory, membrane, and lysosomal proteins; and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which is involved in lipid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification, and calcium storage. The ER is continuous with the outer membrane of the cell nucleus and forms an interconnected network that pervades the cytoplasm.

Reticular connective tissue, or reticular tissue, is a specialized connective tissue made up of reticular fibers, primarily type III collagen, produced by reticular cells. This fiber network provides a supportive stroma for many organs and forms pathways that help organize and position resident cells. It is especially prominent in lymphoid organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes, as well as in bone marrow and the liver.

In ruminant anatomy, the reticulum is the second, cranial-most compartment of the stomach. It has a distinctive honeycomb-like lining and cooperates with the rumen in the fermentation of ingested plant material. The reticulum assists in mixing and moving contents, aids in regurgitation during cud chewing, and can trap sharp objects, a condition commonly referred to as hardware disease.