Reredos

A reredos is a decorative screen or architectural backdrop situated behind the altar in Christian churches. It functions as a focal point for the liturgy, framing the altar and often bearing images, reliefs, or paintings that convey sacred narratives or saints. The structure may be integrated with the sanctuary wall or stand as a separate screen and can extend from the floor to above the altar, sometimes reaching the vault.

Traditionally, reredos are crafted from wood and lavishly decorated with carving, gilding, and polychrome paint, though stone, marble, and metal variants are common, especially in later periods. They typically comprise multiple panels, niches for statues, and sculptural or painted programs that illustrate biblical scenes or doctrinal themes. In medieval and Baroque churches, the program often served instructive and devotional purposes as well as decorative ones.

Reredos evolved with architectural styles: medieval screens were often heavy and ornate; Renaissance designs emphasized balanced classical forms; Baroque reredos reached monumental complexity with dynamic sculpture and integrated architecture. In some churches, a simpler neoclassical or modern interpretation replaces or reduces the traditional screen while preserving the concept of a distinct backdrop to the altar.

The term reredos is used in English; related terms in other languages include retablo in Spanish and retable in French. Many surviving reredos are valued as important works of art and are subject to conservation to address condition and historical integrity.