Rehabilitasyon

Rehabilitation, or rehabilitasyon, is a set of measures designed to enable individuals with illness, injury, or disability to attain and sustain optimal functioning and participation in daily life. The goal is to reduce disability and improve independence, mobility, communication, self-care, and social integration, thereby enhancing quality of life.

Core components include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language therapy, cognitive and psychological support, and vocational rehabilitation, often delivered by a multidisciplinary team. Approaches are person-centered and evidence-based, focusing on functional goals rather than diagnosis alone.

Process follows assessment, goal setting, plan development, implementation, and ongoing monitoring. Interventions may occur in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, outpatient clinics, or at home, and may involve assistive devices, adaptive equipment, and environmental modifications.

Rehabilitation spans several contexts: medical rehabilitation after trauma or surgery; neurological rehabilitation for stroke, brain injury, or spinal cord injury; pediatric and adolescent rehabilitation; geriatric rehabilitation; and addiction rehabilitation. Some programs emphasize community reintegration and employment support.

Outcomes include improved function, reduced pain, greater independence, return to work or school, and better mental health. Early initiation, coordinated care, and continued follow-up improve results, while access, affordability, and workforce shortages remain common challenges.

Global framework: international health bodies advocate rehabilitation as part of universal health coverage. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a common language for describing functioning and disability across settings.