Refluxbetegség

Refluxbetegség, often referred to as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a chronic digestive disorder. It occurs when stomach acid or, occasionally, stomach content, flows back up into the esophagus. The esophagus is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. This backwash irritates the lining of the esophagus, causing symptoms.

The primary symptom of refluxbetegség is heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest that often occurs after eating, at night, or when lying down. Other common symptoms can include regurgitation of food or sour liquid, difficulty swallowing, a sensation of a lump in the throat, and chronic cough. Some individuals may also experience chest pain, which can sometimes be mistaken for heart disease.

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscular ring at the bottom of the esophagus, normally prevents stomach contents from flowing backward. In people with refluxbetegség, this sphincter may be weakened or relax inappropriately, allowing reflux to occur. Factors that can contribute to or worsen refluxbetegség include obesity, pregnancy, smoking, certain foods and drinks (like fatty foods, spicy foods, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol), and some medications.

Diagnosis of refluxbetegség is often based on symptoms and a trial of medication. If symptoms are severe or persistent, or if complications are suspected, further investigations such as an endoscopy or pH monitoring may be performed. Treatment typically involves lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes, weight loss, and avoiding trigger foods. Medications, including antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), are commonly prescribed to reduce stomach acid. In severe cases that don't respond to medication, surgery might be considered.