Rannsóknarnefndir

Rannsóknarnefndir is the Icelandic term for inquiry commissions or investigative committees. These bodies are established by the Alþingi (the Parliament) or by the government to conduct independent investigations into matters of public concern. A rannsókarnarnefnd’s remit typically includes clarifying facts, identifying causes, assessing consequences, and making recommendations to prevent recurrence. They are expected to operate with independence, transparency, and professional standards, drawing on legal counsel, researchers, and subject-matter experts.

A rannsóknarnefnd is usually composed of a chairperson and members appointed for the duration of the inquiry. Members may come from the judiciary, academia, public administration, or relevant professional fields. The process generally follows terms of reference that outline the scope, powers, and timeline. The committee collects evidence, interviews witnesses, requests documents, and reviews relevant materials. It may publish interim findings if required and a final report that presents conclusions and actionable recommendations. Reports are typically published and referred to the competent authorities or to the Alþingi for consideration.

While the recommendations may influence policy, administration, or legislation, a rannsóknarnefnd does not, by itself, determine criminal or civil liability. That remains within the competence of courts or prosecutors, although the findings can inform subsequent proceedings. Overall, rannsóknarnefndir play a role in accountability and public trust by providing independent inquiry into controversial, impactful, or complex issues.