Rajbanshis

Rajbanshis, also known as Rajbansi or Koch-Rajbongshi, are an Indo-Aryan-speaking ethnic community concentrated in the northern parts of West Bengal, the Brahmaputra valley of Assam, and neighboring areas of Bihar and Nepal. The name roughly translates to “royal people,” and many in the community claim historic ties to regional dynasties, particularly the Koch kingdom. They commonly speak the Rajbanshi language, an Indo-Aryan tongue closely related to Bengali and Assamese, and many are bilingual in the regional languages of their homeland.

Historically, Rajbanshis trace roots to medieval polities of the eastern Gangetic plain and have long been associated with agriculture and trade. The community has absorbed various Hindu cultural influences and shares many religious and social practices typical of North Bengal and Assam, while also maintaining distinctive wedding rites, festivals, and folk traditions.

In modern times, Rajbanshis have faced debates over ethnic status and recognition in state and national policy. In some states, groups identifying as Rajbanshi or Koch-Rajbongshi have sought recognition as a Scheduled Tribe or as an Other Backward Class, leading to regional political mobilization and policy discussions. The degree and nature of recognition vary by state and are part of ongoing discussions about language, culture, and rights.

See also: Koch dynasty, Koch-Rajbongshi