Assam

Assam is a state in northeastern India. It stretches from the foothills of the Himalayas to the plains of the Brahmaputra River. The state capital is Dispur, a suburb of Guwahati, which is the region’s economic hub and largest city.

The Brahmaputra dominates the landscape, shaping agriculture and transport. Assam is renowned for its tea, produced in extensive plantation belts. It hosts several national parks, including Kaziranga (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) with the one-horned rhinoceros, as well as Manas and Dibru-Saikhowa.

Historically, Assam was ruled by the Ahom kingdom until the 19th century and later became part of British India. In the late 20th century, the Assam Movement led to the Assam Accord of 1985, addressing immigration and regional autonomy and influencing contemporary politics.

Assam has a diverse population that includes Assamese- and Bodo-speaking communities, along with Bengali speakers and many tribal groups. The economy relies on agriculture—especially tea and rice—along with petroleum and other natural resources in the region.

The official language is Assamese; Bengali is also widely spoken. The state celebrates festivals such as Bihu, reflecting its agrarian heritage and vibrant cultural traditions.