Radiusköpfchenluxation

Radiusköpfchenluxation, also known as nursemaid's elbow or pulled elbow, is a common injury in young children. It occurs when the annular ligament, which stabilizes the radial head (the top part of the radius bone), tears or stretches. This typically happens when a child's arm is pulled suddenly and forcefully, such as when lifting them by their hands or swinging them.

The characteristic symptom is pain and unwillingness of the child to use the affected arm. The child may hold their arm slightly bent and pronated (palm down). There is usually no significant swelling or deformity. The diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the history of injury and the physical examination. Radiographs are often not necessary unless there is suspicion of a fracture or if the injury mechanism is unclear.

Treatment involves a closed reduction, where a healthcare professional manipulates the elbow to reposition the radial head back under the annular ligament. This can often be done with a simple maneuver, and the child usually experiences immediate relief and begins to move their arm normally shortly after. Recurrence is possible, especially if the ligament remains lax. Proper handling of a child's arm, avoiding sudden pulls, can help prevent this injury.