Räjäytysyhdistäminen

Räjäytysyhdistäminen, known in English as explosion welding or explosive cladding, is a solid-state welding process used to join dissimilar metals that are difficult or impossible to weld by conventional methods. The process utilizes the kinetic energy of an explosive charge to create a metallurgical bond between the two materials.

The core principle involves placing one metal plate (the flyer plate) over another (the base plate) with a specific standoff distance. A detonator is placed on the flyer plate. When the explosive is detonated, it rapidly accelerates the flyer plate towards the base plate at a very high velocity. This impact causes extreme pressure and deformation at the interface, creating a wave that travels along the joint. This wave, often referred to as a jetting effect, removes any surface oxides or contaminants and forces the parent metals into intimate contact, resulting in a strong metallurgical bond.

Räjäytysyhdistäminen is particularly effective for joining metals with vastly different melting points, such as copper to steel, aluminum to titanium, or stainless steel to carbon steel. The process is conducted in a controlled environment, often in a sand pit or a specially constructed chamber, to contain the blast and its byproducts. Despite the use of explosives, the process is safe when properly engineered and executed. The resulting clad material combines the properties of both parent metals, offering advantages like corrosion resistance, high strength, or improved thermal conductivity, making it valuable in industries such as shipbuilding, aerospace, and chemical processing.