Põhjamaad

Põhjamaad is the Estonian word for the Nordic countries. This region encompasses Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, along with their associated territories: Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and Åland. These countries share a common history, culture, and societal structures, although they also possess distinct national identities. The concept of "Põhjamaad" emphasizes this shared Nordic identity and interconnectedness.

Historically, the region was shaped by Viking Age exploration and settlement, leading to linguistic and cultural ties. Later, political unions and conflicts, such as the Kalmar Union, further intertwined their destinies. Today, the Nordic countries are known for their strong welfare states, high standards of living, and commitment to social democracy. They often cooperate through organizations like the Nordic Council and the Nordic Council of Ministers, addressing issues of mutual concern in areas like trade, culture, and environmental protection. While each nation has its own language and specific traditions, a sense of shared Nordic values and heritage underpins the concept of Põhjamaad.