Puutavara

Puutavara refers to wood material harvested from forests for industrial processing and energy production. It is the broad term used in forestry and timber trade to describe the raw wood that is transported to mills, paper plants, or energy facilities. Puutavara forms a central part of the forest sector's commercial activity and includes several product groups that vary by end use and processing needs.

The main categories commonly recognized are tukki (round timber intended for sawn timber production), kuitupuu (pulpwood used for paper and fibreboard manufacture), and energiapuu (energy wood, including small-diameter trees and residues used for bioenergy). In practice, the classification depends on diameter, straightness, and other quality attributes that affect suitability for specific processing technologies. Puutavara is typically delivered to buyers in standardized assortments and priced according to factors such as species, quality class, dimensions, moisture content, and market demand.

Measurement and pricing are usually expressed in cubic meters, with additional grading for defects such as crooks, knots, or warp that influence value. The supply chain often involves harvest permissions, road and logistical arrangements, and a chain of custody from forest to mill, overseen by forestry regulations and industry contracts. Sustainability considerations, including certification schemes like FSC or PEFC, influence contemporary puutavara trade by ensuring responsible harvesting and traceability.

Overall, puutavara encompasses the raw wood materials that sustain sawmilling, pulping, and energy sectors, linking forest growth with industrial demand within a regulated and market-driven framework.