Puolustukseksi

Puolustukseksi is a Finnish word in the translative case formed from puolustus (defense) plus the suffix -ksi, which marks the role or function of something. The meaning is roughly “as a defense” or “as a justification,” used when something is presented to defend or justify a position, claim, or action.

Usage and context

Puolustukseksi appears mainly in legal, argumentative, or formal writing, but it can also occur in everyday language when someone presents something as a defense. It often follows verbs such as esittää (to present), käyttää (to use), or olla (to be): for example, to present evidence as a defense, or to use a point as a defense.

Grammatical notes

The form is singular and used with nouns or noun phrases that function as the thing offered as defense. It answers the question “as what?” in relation to the preceding argument or evidence. The plural form is puolustuksiksi, used when referring to multiple items offered as defenses.

Examples

- Tämä todiste on esitetty puolustukseksi. (This evidence has been presented as a defense.)

- Hän esitti lisätodisteen puolustukseksi väitteeseensä. (He presented additional evidence as a defense to his claim.)

Relation to related terms

Puolustukseksi is related to puolustus (defense) and toother translative constructions in Finnish, where the suffix -ksi marks a role, status, or function. It is typically contrasted with phrases meaning justification or argument, such as perustelu, which more directly means justification rather than the role of a defense.

See also

Puolustus; translative case in Finnish grammar; esittää; perustelu.