Pteris

Pteris is a genus of ferns belonging to the family Pteridaceae. These ferns are commonly known as brake ferns. The genus is distributed worldwide, found in tropical and subtropical regions. Pteris ferns are characterized by their fronds, which are typically pinnately compound, meaning they are divided into leaflets. The sori, which are clusters of sporangia containing spores, are usually located along the margins of the fertile fronds, often covered by a reflexed flap of the leaf margin called an indusium. This characteristic is a key feature for identification within the genus. The rhizomes of Pteris ferns are typically creeping and scaly. Many species of Pteris are terrestrial, growing in moist, shaded habitats such as forests and along stream banks, though some can be found on rocks or in epiphytic situations. Several species are cultivated as ornamental plants for their attractive foliage, particularly in indoor settings. Examples include Pteris cretica and Pteris ensiformis. The genus is taxonomically diverse, with numerous species described, and ongoing research continues to refine its classification.