Prpr

PRPR, also known as Protein Phosphatase Receptor Type 14, is a protein that plays a significant role in various cellular processes. It is a member of the protein phosphatase receptor family, which includes proteins that regulate the activity of protein phosphatases, enzymes that remove phosphate groups from proteins. PRPR is particularly notable for its interaction with Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a ubiquitous serine/threonine phosphatase that is involved in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, gene expression, and signal transduction.

PRPR serves as a scaffold protein that binds to PP2A, facilitating its localization to specific cellular compartments and regulating its activity. This interaction is crucial for the proper functioning of PP2A in various cellular processes. For example, PRPR has been shown to localize PP2A to the centrosome, where it plays a role in centrosome maturation and cell division. Additionally, PRPR has been implicated in the regulation of PP2A activity in response to cellular stress, such as heat shock and oxidative stress.

PRPR is also involved in the regulation of cell migration and invasion. It has been shown to interact with the actin cytoskeleton and regulate the activity of Rho GTPases, which are involved in the regulation of actin dynamics. This interaction is thought to play a role in the regulation of cell migration and invasion in various cellular contexts, including cancer.

PRPR is encoded by the PRPF31 gene in humans. Mutations in this gene have been associated with various diseases, including intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. The precise mechanisms by which PRPR mutations lead to these diseases are not fully understood, but they are thought to involve disruptions in cellular processes regulated by PRPR, such as cell cycle regulation and gene expression.

In summary, PRPR is a protein that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, gene expression, and cell migration. It interacts with PP2A and regulates its activity and localization, and mutations in the PRPF31 gene that encodes PRPR have been associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of PRPR in health and disease.