Protonpumpagátlók

Protonpumpagátlók, often abbreviated as PPIs, are a class of medications that significantly reduce the production of stomach acid. They work by irreversibly blocking the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme system, commonly known as the proton pump, which is found in the parietal cells of the stomach lining. By inhibiting this pump, PPIs effectively decrease the amount of hydrochloric acid secreted into the stomach.

These drugs are widely prescribed for various gastrointestinal conditions. They are highly effective in treating peptic ulcers, including those caused by Helicobacter pylori infection, and in healing erosive esophagitis. PPIs are also a cornerstone in managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), alleviating symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation, and preventing complications like esophageal strictures. Furthermore, they are used to prevent stomach and duodenal ulcers in individuals taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin.

Commonly known PPIs include omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, and esomeprazole. They are typically administered orally, often in delayed-release formulations to protect them from degradation by stomach acid. While generally well-tolerated, potential side effects can include headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Long-term use has been associated with certain concerns, such as an increased risk of bone fractures, vitamin B12 deficiency, and certain infections like Clostridium difficile. Their use is usually recommended for the shortest duration necessary to control symptoms and heal the underlying condition.