Prochilodus

Prochilodus is a genus of freshwater fish belonging to the family Curimatidae. These fish are commonly known as "lambari" or "curimba" in their native South America. Prochilodus species are primarily found in the Amazon and Paraná river basins, inhabiting a wide range of freshwater environments including rivers, streams, and lakes. They are characterized by their small, toothless mouths and their habit of foraging on algae, detritus, and sediment from the bottom of water bodies.

The genus Prochilodus is ecologically important, often forming large schools and playing a significant role in nutrient cycling within their ecosystems. Their feeding habits help to resuspend organic matter, making it available to other organisms. Many species within this genus are also commercially important for local fisheries, serving as a food source for human consumption. They are known for their resilience and adaptability to varying water conditions.

Reproduction in Prochilodus typically involves long-distance migrations upstream to spawning grounds, a behavior known as potamodromous migration. These migrations are often triggered by seasonal changes, such as the onset of the rainy season. The eggs are usually released in open water and drift downstream. The exact number of species within the genus is subject to ongoing scientific debate, with some sources recognizing several distinct species while others lump them into fewer.