Procesorima

Procesorima is the instrumental plural form of the noun procesor in several South Slavic languages, including Croatian, Bosnian, and Serbian. It is used when the sentence requires the instrumental or dative case, for example in phrases like "komponente procesorima računala" (components for the computer’s processors). In English, the corresponding plural is processors. This linguistic note helps distinguish the grammatical form from the technical sense discussed below.

In computing, a processor, or central processing unit (CPU), is the primary computing element that interprets and executes instructions from programs. Modern processors are typically multi-core, meaning several processing units are integrated on a single chip. They support pipelining, superscalar execution, and various parallelization techniques to improve performance and efficiency.

Key features include clock speed, number of cores, cache memory (L1, L2, L3), and the instruction set architecture (ISA) such as x86-64, ARM, or RISC-V. Performance depends on instructions per cycle (IPC), core count, thread handling, memory bandwidth, and thermal design power (TDP). Process technology, measured in nanometers, also affects efficiency and heat generation.

Types and designs vary: standalone CPUs, integrated GPUs, and system-on-a-chip (SoC) configurations used in mobile devices, embedded systems, and servers. Heterogeneous architectures combine different processor types on one system to optimize for compute, graphics, and AI workloads. Ongoing trends include energy efficiency, lithography improvements, and expanding use of accelerators alongside CPUs.