Premixpõleti

Premixpõleti, also known as a premix burner, is a gas burner in which the fuel gas and combustion air are mixed before entering the burner head to form a homogeneous fuel–air mixture. The mixture is ignited at the burner outlets, producing a compact and controllable flame suitable for precise heat release.

Mixing is achieved in a dedicated mixing chamber or inside the burner body using mechanisms such as Venturi passages, perforated plates, or swirl elements. The air–fuel ratio is regulated by metering devices and, in many designs, by a fan or blower. Because combustion occurs with the premixed mixture, these burners can operate efficiently and with relatively low emissions, especially when operated lean or staged.

Applications: Premix burners are common in domestic gas appliances like cooktops and boilers, as well as in certain industrial burners and some gas-turbine combustors, where fast response and low emissions are desired.

Advantages and challenges: Advantages include high thermal efficiency, rapid load response, and reduced NOx when designed for lean premix operation. Challenges include sensitivity to pressure and ratio fluctuations, potential for flashback if the mixture becomes too rich or if the flow is mismanaged, and a requirement for careful integration of safety controls and fuel–air regulation.

Safety and standards: Premix burners are installed to comply with national and international standards for gas appliances. Typical safety features include flame supervision devices, automatic shut-off, anti-flashback devices, and accurate pressure regulation. Regular maintenance should check mixing passages, seals, and ignition systems to prevent leaks and deposits.