Prehabilitació

Prehabilitació, also known as prehabilitation or prehab, refers to a proactive approach to healthcare that focuses on optimizing an individual's physical and psychological condition *before* they undergo a major medical intervention, such as surgery. The primary goal of prehabilitation is to improve a patient's functional capacity, reduce the risk of complications, and enhance recovery outcomes. This approach recognizes that a person's baseline health status significantly influences their response to treatment and their post-treatment rehabilitation.

The components of a prehabilitation program can vary depending on the individual and the planned intervention, but often include exercise, nutritional guidance, psychological support, and education. Exercise programs are tailored to improve strength, endurance, flexibility, and balance, addressing any existing physical deficits. Nutritional interventions aim to optimize the body's nutrient stores, supporting tissue repair and immune function. Psychological support helps patients manage anxiety and understand the upcoming procedure, fostering a more positive outlook. Education provides clear information about the intervention, recovery process, and self-management strategies.

Prehabilitation is increasingly being recognized for its benefits across various surgical specialties, including orthopedic surgery, cardiac surgery, and cancer surgery. By preparing the body and mind for the stress of surgery and the subsequent recovery period, prehabilitation can lead to shorter hospital stays, reduced need for post-operative rehabilitation services, and a faster return to daily activities and a better overall quality of life. It represents a shift towards empowering patients and intervening early to improve health trajectories.