Povidonjodium

Povidonjodium, commonly known as povidone-iodine, is an antiseptic preparation that combines povidone (polyvinylpyrrolidone) with iodine. When applied to skin or mucous membranes, the iodine is released gradually, providing broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

The antiseptic work of povidonjodium comes from the iodine component, which penetrates microbial cells and disrupts proteins and nucleic acids, leading to cell death. It is active against a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and some spores, with rapid onset of action. The povidone molecule acts as a carrier, prolonging the release of iodine and reducing irritation in many cases.

Povidonjodium is used for skin disinfection before surgical procedures, cleansing wounds and burns, and preparing the skin for invasive procedures. It also appears in clinical hand and skin antisepsis products, as well as certain mouthwashes and mucosal antiseptic applications. It is available in various formulations, including aqueous and alcohol-based solutions, ointments, scrubs, and ready-to-use surgical prep products.

Safety considerations include avoiding use in individuals with known iodine allergy or dermatitis to iodine. Caution is advised in thyroid disease, pregnancy, and lactation, as iodine absorption can affect thyroid function when used extensively or on large areas. Possible adverse effects include skin irritation, contact dermatitis, and staining of skin or fabrics. Povidonjodium should be used according to product instructions, and care should be taken to avoid mixing with incompatible antiseptics, and to monitor for signs of an allergic or systemic reaction. Brand names commonly associated with povidonjodium include Betadine and Isodine.