Ponadtlenków

Ponadtlenków is a term used in chemistry to refer to the chemical compounds that contain the peroxide ion, which has the formula O2^2-. In these compounds, two oxygen atoms are bonded together with a single bond, and each oxygen atom carries a single negative charge. This results in a total charge of -2 for the peroxide ion. Ponadtlenków are distinct from oxides, where oxygen typically exists as O^2- ions.

The peroxide ion is a relatively weak oxidizing agent. It can be formed through the reduction of molecular oxygen or the oxidation of other oxygen species. Many ponadtlenków are ionic solids, often formed with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Examples include sodium peroxide (Na2O2) and calcium peroxide (CaO2). These compounds can be white or yellowish solids.

Ponadtlenków have various applications. For instance, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which can be considered a covalent ponadtlenków, is widely used as a disinfectant, bleaching agent, and in rocket propellants. Some metal ponadtlenków are used in pyrotechnics and as oxidizing agents in various chemical processes. However, many ponadtlenków are reactive and can decompose, sometimes vigorously, releasing oxygen. Their stability varies significantly depending on the cation they are associated with.