CaO2

Calcium peroxide (CaO2) is an inorganic compound that exists as a white to grayish-white solid. It is commonly used as a solid source of oxygen and as an oxidizing agent in various industrial and agricultural applications. In its most practical form, it is marketed as granules or powder that release oxygen when exposed to moisture.

CaO2 releases oxygen through hydrolysis. When in contact with water, it reacts to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide: CaO2 + 2 H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2O2. The hydrogen peroxide then decomposes to water and oxygen: 2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2. The overall process provides a gradual supply of oxygen, the rate of which depends on factors such as particle size, moisture, and temperature.

Chemically, CaO2 is only sparingly soluble in water, and it remains relatively stable in dry storage. It is, however, an oxidizer and can react vigorously with organic materials or reducing agents, especially when concentrated or heated. As a result, handling and storage require dry, well-ventilated conditions and separation from incompatible substances.

Applications of CaO2 include supplying oxygen to soils in agriculture and horticulture, providing dissolved oxygen in aquaculture systems, and serving as an oxidant in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Its oxygen-release property also makes it useful in certain disinfection and sanitation contexts, where a controlled oxidant source is desirable.

Safety and handling emphasize its oxidizing nature. It should be stored in a dry, cool place away from organic materials and acids, and used with appropriate personal protective equipment to prevent exposure and contact hazards.