Na2O2

Na2O2, or sodium peroxide, is an inorganic compound comprising sodium cations and the peroxide anion O2^2-. It is a white crystalline solid that acts as a strong oxidizer. The peroxide’s O−O bond makes Na2O2 highly reactive, especially toward moisture and reducing agents. It hydrolyzes readily in water, releasing heat and forming sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide.

It is prepared by direct reaction of sodium metal with oxygen: 2 Na + O2 → Na2O2, typically at elevated temperatures. It can also form from incomplete combustion of sodium in air. Industrially, routes often involve controlled oxidation to favor the peroxide over other oxides.

In aqueous environments, Na2O2 reacts with water to give sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide: Na2O2 + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + H2O2. It also reacts with acids to produce hydrogen peroxide and the corresponding sodium salt: Na2O2 + 2 H+ → 2 Na+ + H2O2. Due to its oxidizing power, Na2O2 is used as an oxidizer in organic synthesis and as an oxygen source in some closed-system applications.

Safety and handling require care: Na2O2 is highly reactive and can ignite or aggressively oxidize organic materials upon contact with moisture or reducing agents. It should be stored dry and kept away from acids, moisture, and incompatible substances. Appropriate protective equipment and handling in well-ventilated areas are advised.