Polypterinae

Polypterinae is a subfamily of fishes belonging to the order Polypteriformes. This group, commonly known as bichirs or reedfish, is characterized by its ancient lineage and unique morphology. Members of Polypterinae are native to freshwater and brackish environments in Africa. They are distinguished by their elongated, snake-like bodies, and a series of dorsal finlets that resemble a comb.

The Polypterinae subfamily is part of a larger order that has remained relatively unchanged for millions of years, earning them the title of "living fossils." Their physiology includes lungs in addition to gills, allowing them to breathe air when oxygen levels in the water are low. This adaptation enables them to survive in oxygen-depleted habitats.

Fishes within Polypterinae are typically carnivorous, feeding on smaller fish, crustaceans, and insects. They are generally solitary and nocturnal, often hiding among vegetation or substrate during the day. The subfamily comprises several genera, with the most well-known being Polypterus. Species within Polypterinae exhibit a range of sizes and colorations, often camouflaging them within their natural surroundings. Their unique evolutionary history and distinctive physical traits make them a subject of interest in ichthyology and evolutionary biology.