Poisoningrelated

Poisoning-related, sometimes written as poisoningrelated, is a term used to describe adverse health effects resulting from exposure to poisons or toxic substances. The concept covers accidental, intentional, and occupational, environmental, or dietary exposures that cause harm. It is considered in clinical toxicology and public health.

Causes and exposure: Poisons can enter the body by ingestion, inhalation, dermal contact, or injection. Common sources include household chemicals, pesticides, carbon monoxide, medications in overdose, alcohol, heavy metals, and environmental toxins. Occupational exposures occur in industries such as agriculture, manufacturing, and mining.

Clinical features: Symptoms vary by toxin but may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, confusion, dizziness, seizures, chest pain, or breathing difficulties. Severe exposure can lead to coma or death. Diagnosis relies on history, physical examination, and toxicology testing, including blood and urine analyses and sometimes imaging.

Management: Immediate priorities are stabilization of airway, breathing, and circulation. Remove or dilute exposure when safe; decontamination of skin or eyes as appropriate; activated charcoal may be used in some ingestions. Specific antidotes exist for certain poisons, and poison control centers along with medical professionals guide management.

Prevention: Safe storage of chemicals, proper labeling, childproof packaging, use of personal protective equipment in workplaces, public education about poison symptoms, and rapid access to healthcare.

Epidemiology: Poisoning is a common reason for emergency department visits worldwide; rates vary by region and depend on prevention measures, with many pediatric cases arising from ingestion of household substances.