Plakkiformaatti

Plakkiformaatti, also known as plaque formation or plaque morphology, refers to the characteristic appearance, structure, and distribution of atherosclerotic plaques within blood vessels. These plaques are accumulations of lipids, inflammatory cells, connective tissue, and other substances that develop along the inner walls of arteries, contributing to cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease and stroke.

The formation of plaques begins with endothelial injury, which triggers an inflammatory response and promotes the deposition of lipids, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Over time, foam cells—macrophages filled with lipids—accumulate, leading to fatty streaks that develop into more complex plaques. These plaques can vary in shape, size, and composition, which influences their stability and potential to cause clinical events.

Plakkiformaatti encompasses different morphological types, including stable and unstable plaques. Stable plaques tend to have a thick fibrous cap and a smaller lipid core, reducing the risk of rupture. Unstable or vulnerable plaques, on the other hand, usually feature a thin fibrous cap, large lipid core, and increased inflammatory activity, making them more prone to rupture and thrombosis.

Understanding plaque morphology is crucial in assessing cardiovascular risk and guiding treatment strategies. Imaging techniques such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and computed tomography angiography (CTA) are employed to evaluate plaque characteristics in vivo.

In summary, plakkiformaatti details the structural and morphological features of atherosclerotic plaques, shaping our understanding of atherosclerosis progression and associated clinical risk.