Pikler

Pikler is a Hungarian pediatrician and child development expert, Dr. Emmi Pikler, who developed a philosophy and approach to infant care and education centered on free movement and respectful interaction. Her work emerged from her observations of infants and toddlers in a residential institution she led, the Lóczy Institute in Budapest, after World War II. Pikler's core belief was that infants are capable individuals who can learn and develop at their own pace when provided with a safe and stimulating environment.

Central to the Pikler approach is the concept of "on-demand" movement. This means allowing infants the freedom to explore their physical capabilities without adult intervention or manipulation. Children are given opportunities to move, crawl, climb, and stand independently, fostering their confidence, coordination, and problem-solving skills. Toys and furniture are designed to support this exploration, such as low climbing structures and stable surfaces.

Another key element is the emphasis on respectful caregiving, particularly during routine activities like feeding, bathing, and diapering. Pikler advocated for involving the infant in these processes, communicating with them, and allowing them to participate as much as possible. This builds trust and a sense of partnership between the caregiver and the child. The Pikler approach values the child's autonomy and aims to support their holistic development—physical, emotional, and cognitive—through a nurturing and trust-based relationship.