Pigmentmatrix

Pigmentmatrix is a theoretical framework in color science and art conservation that models pigments and their mixtures as components of a matrix governing perceived color. It aims to predict the color outcome of combining pigments under a specified illumination by using matrix operations on pigment properties.

Each pigment is characterized by a set of properties, such as spectral reflectance and opacity. Mixing is expressed as matrix operations that combine these properties according to pigment concentrations, layer order, and optical interactions like scattering and layering. The output is a predicted color under a given light source using standard color spaces.

Applications include color management in printing and painting, digital rendering and simulation, and materials design for paints and coatings. In conservation science, Pigmentmatrix can assist in matching historical pigments and predicting changes due to aging.

Limitations include nonlinear mixing effects, metamerism, and aging; reliable use requires accurate spectral data, measurement conditions, and robust models. The approach often relies on data about how pigments behave under specific illumination and viewing conditions, and results can vary with pigment brand, batch, and aging.

The concept draws on linear color models and spectral data methods developed in color science, with practical tools and implementations appearing in research and software since the late 20th century.