Pielonefritt

Pielonefritt, also known as pelonephritis, is an inflammation of the kidney pelvis, which is the funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the kidney and directs it into the ureter. This condition is often associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in women, and can be caused by bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, or Proteus species. Symptoms of pielonefritt may include fever, flank pain, nausea, vomiting, and dysuria (painful urination). The diagnosis is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan. Treatment usually involves antibiotics to clear the infection and may also include pain management and fluid replacement. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for intravenous antibiotics and close monitoring. Pielonefritt is a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment to prevent complications such as kidney damage, sepsis, or the spread of infection to other parts of the body. Prevention strategies include practicing good hygiene, emptying the bladder regularly, and avoiding the use of catheters when possible.