Phillyrea

Phillyrea is a genus of evergreen shrubs and small trees belonging to the Oleaceae family, commonly known as the olive family. The genus is native to the Mediterranean region, including parts of Southern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Phillyrea species are characterized by their leathery, opposite leaves, which can be simple or pinnately compound depending on the species. The flowers are typically small and inconspicuous, often greenish-white or yellowish, and are borne in axillary clusters. These flowers are followed by small, dark, drupe-like fruits.

Several species are recognized within the genus Phillyrea, with Phillyrea angustifolia, Phillyrea latifolia, and Phillyrea media being among the most common. These plants are well-adapted to arid and Mediterranean climates, often found growing in dry, rocky soils and exposed locations. They are known for their drought tolerance and resistance to salt spray, making them suitable for coastal plantings.

Phillyrea has a long history of cultivation and use. In their native regions, they have been used for ornamental purposes, as hedging plants, and for their wood, which is hard and durable. Some species have also been historically used in traditional medicine, although scientific evidence for these uses is often limited. Due to their tough nature and attractive evergreen foliage, Phillyrea species are increasingly popular in landscaping, particularly in xeriscaping and low-water gardens.