PharyngotrachealSchlauchbildung

Pharyngotracheitis is an inflammatory condition that involves both the pharynx and the trachea. It is a descriptive term used in clinical practice rather than a single disease, and it can arise from infectious, irritant, or allergic processes affecting the upper airway. When the pharynx and trachea are inflamed, patients commonly experience throat discomfort, coughing, hoarseness, and sometimes fever or malaise. Nasal symptoms may be present, and in some cases there can be chest tightness or dyspnea if the lower airways are involved.

Causes include viral infections such as rhinovirus, influenza, and parainfluenza viruses; bacterial pathogens such as group A Streptococcus; irritants like tobacco smoke or chemical fumes; allergic reactions; and less commonly gastroesophageal reflux. Diagnosis is usually clinical, supported by throat swabs or rapid tests if a bacterial throat infection is suspected, and imaging or endoscopy is reserved for evaluating complications or atypical cases.

Treatment emphasizes symptom relief and management of the underlying cause. Most cases are self-limited and managed with rest, fluids, analgesics, antipyretics, and humidified air. Antibiotics are reserved for confirmed bacterial infection. Severe or persistent cases may require further medical evaluation for airway complications or pneumonia.

Prevention focuses on vaccination where applicable (for influenza and other pathogens in outbreaks), good hand hygiene, avoidance of irritants, and control of chronic conditions. Prognosis is generally favorable in healthy individuals, with most symptoms resolving within several days to a week.