Petticoats

A petticoat is an undergarment worn beneath a skirt or dress to add fullness, shape, and sometimes warmth or opacity. Traditionally made as a separate slip or underskirt, petticoats vary in length from knee to ankle and in volume from a single layer to multiple layers. They are constructed from fabrics such as cotton, satin, or synthetic materials, and may include a lining, ruffles, lace, or elastic or drawstring waists. Modern petticoats often incorporate layers of tulle or netting to create artificial volume without stiffness.

Types and uses

Common varieties include plain underskirts intended to smooth or conceal, multi-layered petticoats that increase fullness, and structurally enhanced versions such as crinoline or hoop petticoats designed to produce a pronounced silhouette. Petticoats may be worn under gowns, skirts, or dresses to support volume, prevent cling-through, and shape the wearer’s silhouette. They are also used in costumes and fashion genres that emphasize a full, bell-shaped or frock-like appearance.

History and cultural context

Petticoats have a long history in Western dress, with preferences for length and fullness shifting over time. In the 19th century, fuller silhouettes were achieved with multiple petticoats and later crinoline structures, followed by bustle styles in the late century. In the 20th century, daily use declined, but petticoats remained common for formalwear, brides’ gowns, and various subcultures and vintage-inspired fashions, including Lolita and other costume styles that favor exaggerated fullness.

Today, petticoats continue to serve practical and aesthetic roles, offering volume, modesty, and a classic silhouette beneath outer garments.