Petechiák

Petechiák, commonly known as petechiae in medical terminology, refer to small, pinpoint-sized red or purple spots that appear on the skin. These spots result from tiny hemorrhages, or bleeding, just beneath the skin’s surface. Petechiae are typically round, and their size rarely exceeds 2–3 millimeters in diameter. They are generally harmless but can be a symptom of an underlying medical condition.

The appearance of petechiae can be triggered by various factors, including minor trauma, such as coughing, sneezing, or vigorous exercise, which increases pressure in the blood vessels. Infections, such as meningitis or severe respiratory illnesses, may also cause them due to inflammation or immune system responses. Other potential causes include blood disorders like thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), which impairs the blood’s ability to clot, or bleeding disorders like von Willebrand disease. Medications, such as anticoagulants or certain antibiotics, can also contribute to their development.

Petechiae are usually painless and do not itch, though they may fade within a few days to weeks without treatment. If they appear suddenly in large numbers, especially accompanied by fever, headache, or rash, medical attention should be sought, as these could indicate serious conditions like sepsis or bleeding disorders. Diagnosis often involves a physical examination, blood tests, or further evaluation of potential underlying causes.

While petechiae are not contagious, their presence may warrant further investigation depending on the individual’s symptoms and medical history. In most cases, they resolve on their own, but persistent or recurrent occurrences should prompt consultation with a healthcare professional.