Peronist

Peronist refers to adherents of Peronism, a political movement in Argentina that began with Juan Domingo Perón in the 1940s. Born from the labor movement, it combined populism, nationalism, social welfare, and strong ties to the organized labor sector. Eva Duarte de Perón helped mobilize working-class and female support and shaped the movement’s social agenda. The core program is often described as three pillars: social justice, economic independence, and political sovereignty. The Justicialist Party (Partido Justicialista) became its principal electoral vehicle.

Peronism is a broad, heterogeneous movement that defies simple left-right classification. It has included both left-leaning and right-leaning currents, and has supported varying economic policies—from state-led intervention and protectionism to more market-oriented approaches—depending on the leadership and era. Common features include a strong executive, appeals to national unity, extensive social welfare programs, and close links with labor unions and other social groups.

Historically, Perón first led Argentina from 1946 to 1955, implementing labor rights and social programs but facing opposition and a subsequent coup. After a period of bans and exile, Peronism returned to power under different leaders, notably Carlos Menem (1990s) and the Kirchners (early 2000s). Since then, it has remained a dominant force in Argentine politics, shaping party organization and policy through successive administrations and the Justicialist Party’s broad coalition.