Pennantia

Pennantia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pennantiaceae. This family, which was formerly placed within Icacinaceae, is now considered distinct and is monotypic, meaning Pennantiaceae contains only the genus Pennantia. The genus comprises four species, all of which are trees or shrubs native to Australasia.

The species are Pennantia cunninghamii, Pennantia baylisiana, Pennantia fasciculata, and Pennantia sylvestris. Pennantia cunninghamii is found in eastern Australia, while the other three species are endemic to New Zealand. Pennantia baylisiana is particularly notable as it is one of the rarest trees in the world, with only a single female tree known to exist in the wild on the Three Kings Islands.

Plants in the genus Pennantia are characterized by their simple, alternate leaves, which can be toothed or entire depending on the species and age of the plant. They produce small, fragrant flowers, typically white or greenish, borne in panicles or racemes. The fruit is a drupe, which is often black or dark purple when mature.

These plants are generally found in forests and woodlands. Their ecological roles vary, but they can provide food and habitat for native fauna. The conservation status of some Pennantia species, especially Pennantia baylisiana, is a significant concern due to their rarity and specific habitat requirements. Efforts are underway to propagate and conserve these unique plants.