Pemba

Pemba is an island in the Indian Ocean that forms part of the Zanzibar Archipelago, Tanzania. It lies off the northeast coast of the Tanzanian mainland, about 60–80 kilometers north of Unguja, the main Zanzibar island. Covering roughly 900–1,000 square kilometers, Pemba supports a population of several hundred thousand.

Administratively, Pemba is divided into two regions, Pemba North and Pemba South. Its principal towns are Chake-Chake in the north and Mkoani in the south. The economy historically relied on spice cultivation, especially cloves, and fishing; in recent decades tourism has grown, attracted by beaches, reefs, and marine life.

Geography and environment: The island has a tropical climate with two rainy seasons and coastal seas surrounded by coral reefs. Protected areas include Misali Island and the Ngezi Forest Reserve, which support snorkeling, diving, and wildlife.

History and culture: Pemba's population is Swahili-speaking and has been shaped by centuries of Indian Ocean trade and Arab influence. Islam is the predominant faith. The island's markets, mosques, and spice heritage remain visible in coastal towns.

Transportation and tourism: Pemba is connected to Zanzibar and the Tanzanian mainland by sea and air. The island has domestic flights and regular ferries; tourism emphasizes beaches, reefs, and ecotourism in areas such as Misali Island.