Peilkaarten

Peilkaarten, also known as contour maps or topographic maps, are graphical representations of three-dimensional landscapes on a two-dimensional surface. These maps use contour lines to indicate elevation changes, providing a detailed visual understanding of terrain features such as hills, valleys, and slopes. Originating from the need for precise geographical data in navigation, surveying, and land management, peilkaarten have become essential tools in various fields, including geography, engineering, and outdoor recreation.

In the Netherlands, the term *peilkaart* specifically refers to a type of contour map that includes additional hydrological information, such as water levels and drainage systems. These maps are particularly useful for managing water resources, flood prevention, and urban planning in a country with a low-lying topography and extensive water networks. The Dutch Cadastre, a government agency, is responsible for maintaining and updating these maps to ensure accuracy and relevance.

Peilkaarten are created using data collected through surveying techniques, including GPS measurements, aerial photography, and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology. The contour lines on these maps are drawn at regular intervals, often representing a consistent elevation difference, such as one meter or five meters. This allows users to interpret the terrain’s steepness and overall shape by observing how closely the lines are spaced.

Beyond their practical applications, peilkaarten are valuable educational tools for teaching geographic concepts, such as scale, orientation, and spatial relationships. They are widely used by hikers, geologists, and urban planners to assess terrain challenges and make informed decisions. With advancements in digital mapping, peilkaarten are increasingly available in interactive online formats, enhancing accessibility and usability for a broader audience.